A GIS-BASED ANALYSIS OF TOURIST DISTRIBUTION IN MONTENEGRO

Authors

  • Marija Cimbaljević University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Geography, Tourism and Hotel Management, Novi Sad
  • Dunja Demirović Geographical Institute "Jovan Cvijić" SASA, Belgrade
  • Nikola Vuksanović Higher Education School for Management and Business Communication, Department of Hospitality, Sremski Karlovci
  • Nikola Milentijević University of Priština, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Department of Geography, Kosovska Mitrovica
  • Anatoliy A. Yamashkin National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, Faculty of Geography, Saransk

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.2298/IJGI1902147C

Keywords:

spatial distribution, distribution GIS, tourist flows, flows disparity, Montenegro

Abstract

Montenegro is facing significant changes in tourist turnover. Tourism activity has become increasingly more skewed toward the Montenegrin coastal area, which confirms the concern about regional inequality of tourism. This study analyzed the spatial and temporal distribution of foreign and domestic tourists in Montenegro, based on spatial statistical tools as a set of Geographical Information Systems. The results indicated that during the analyzed period (2007–2016), the spatial distribution of domestic and foreign tourists was different. Main geographical center of foreign tourists is Budva and of domestic tourists is Cetinje. There was apparent uneven dispersion of tourist demand between Coastal (on the south) and Northern region. Moreover, the results revealed tourist distribution clusters in order to identify the tourism centers with the highest number of tourists in different geographical areas of Montenegro. Understanding the spatial and temporal distribution is a very important tool for the reduction of regional economic inequality. Also, the results of the spatial distribution of tourists can be used for the forecasting of future tourist behavior.

Article metrics

References

Bahaire, T., & Elliott-White, M. (1999). The application of geographical information systems (GIS) in sustainable tourism planning: A review. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 7(2), 159–174. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669589908667333

Basiron, F. Z., Ahmad, A., & Masron, T. (2014). Spatial Analysis of International Tourist Movement to Langkawi for 2010 and 2011. In M. A. Othuman Mydin & A. Marzuki (Eds.) SHS Web of Conferences: Vol. 12. 4th International Conference on Tourism Research (pp. 1–8). https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20141201066

Bertazzon, S., Crouch, G., Draper, D., & Waters, N. (1997). GIS Applications in Tourism Marketing: Current Uses, an Experimental Application and Future Prospects. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 6(3), 35–59. https://doi.org/10.1300/J073v06n03_04

Burton, R. (1994). Geographical patterns of tourism in Europe. Progress in Tourism, Recreation and Hospitality Management, 5, 3–25. Retrieved from https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/19941803474

Chhetri, A., Arrowsmith, C., Chhetri, P., & Corcoran, J. (2013). Mapping spatial tourism and hospitality employment clusters: An application of spatial autocorrelation. Tourism Analysis, 18, 559–573. https://doi.org/10.3727/108354213X13782245307830

Davidović, N., Marković, V., Vasiljević, Dj., & Stankov, U. (2010). GIS Approach in Tourism Management in National Park Berchtesgaden (Bayern, Germany). Geographia Technica, 12, 18–24.

Dickey, A., & Higham, J. E. S. (2005). A spatial analysis of commercial ecotourism businesses in New Zealand: A c 1999 benchmarking exercise using GIS. Tourism Geographies: An International Journal of Tourism Space, Place and Environment, 7(4), 373–388. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616680500291170

Farsari, Y., & Pratacos, P. (2004). GIS applications in the planning and management of tourism. In A. A. Lew, C. M. Hall, & A. M. Williams (Eds.), A Companion to Tourism (pp. 596–607). Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing.

Getis, A., & Ord, K. (1992). The Analysis of Spatial Association by Use of Distance Statistics. Geographical Analysis, 24(3), 189–206. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-4632.1992.tb00261.x

Goh, C., Li, H., & Li, M. (2014). A Comparative Analysis of Domestic and International Tourism Spatial Distribution: Trends and Impacts. Journal of China Tourism Research, 10(4), 388–413. https://doi.org/10.1080/19388160.2014.906933

Gordon, A. D. (1999). Classification. Boca Raton, FL: Chapman & Hall/CRC Press.

Han, S. H., Byun, W. H., Lee, T. J., & Lee, C. K. (2013). Travel time as a proxy for travel cost in a heritage tourist destination. Tourism Economics, 19(6), 1467–1474. https://doi.org/10.5367/te.2013.026

Jansen-Verbeke, M., & Spee, R. (1995). A regional analysis of tourist flows within Europe. Tourism Management, 16(1), 73–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/0261-5177(95)93433-W

Kang, S., Kim, J., & Nicholls, S. (2014). National Tourism Policy and Spatial Patterns of Domestic Tourism in South Korea. Journal of Travel Research, 53(6), 791–804. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287514522875

Klepers, A., & Rozite, M. (2009). Tourism as a Tool of Sustainable Regional Development and the Importance of Clusters in Latvia: Example of Sigulda & Ventspils. In C. A. Brebbia, M. Neophytou, E. Beriatos, I. Ioannou, & A. G. Kungolos (Eds.), Sustainable Development and Planning IV – 2 (pp. 823–832). Wessex, UK: WIT Press.

Larbig, C., Kämpf, R., & Keller, F. (2004). Graubündner Destinations benchmarking. Der Einsatzeines Geographischen Informationssystem (GIS) als Planungs- und Managementinstrument in touristischen Zielgebieten [Graubundner destination benchmarking. The use of Geographical Information System (GIS) as a planning and management tool for tourism destinations]. Tourismus Journal, 8, 77–86. Retrieved from https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20053001924

Lau, G., & McKercher, B. (2006). Understanding tourist movement patterns in a destination: A GIS approach. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 7(1), 39–49. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.thr.6050027

Li, D., & Yang, Y. (2017). GIS Monitoring of Traveler Flows Based on Big Data. In Z. Xiang, & D. R. Fesenmaier (Eds.) Tourism on the Verge. Analytics in Smart Tourism Design: Concepts and Methods (pp. 111–126). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44263-1_7

Luberichs, J., & Wachowiak, H. (2010). Geographic information system-supported segmentation study of visitors to Majorca Island. In J. S. Chen (Ed.), Advances in Hospitality and Leisure (pp. 135–166). Bingley, UK: Emerald.

McAdam, D. (1999). The Value and Scope of Geographical Information Systems in Tourism Management. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 7(1), 77–92. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669589908667327

Ministry of Sustainable Development and Tourism. (2008). Strategija razvoja turizma Crne Gore do 2020. godine [Strategy of tourism development in Montenegro until 2020]. Podgorica: Government Printing Office.

Montenegro Statistical Office. (2017). Tourist arrivals and overnight stays. Podgorica, Montenegro: Montenegro Statistical Office.

Potter, K. (2009). Detecting Large-Scale Spatial Hot Spots of Forest Fire Occurrence Using MODIS Satellite Data. Retrieved from http://www.forestthreats.org/research/projects/project-summaries/potter-detecting-hot-spots-fire-modis.pdf

Rendeiro Martin-Cejas, R., & Suárez Vega, R. (2014). GIS approach applied to tourist bus route design in Lanzarote Island. Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento, 5, 239–240. Retrieved from https://www.ua.pt/degeit/rtd/indice21_22_vol5

Stankov, U., Armenski, T., Klauco, M., Pavluković, V., Cimbaljević, M., & Drakulić Kovačević, N. (2017). Spatial autocorrelation analysis of tourist arrivals using municipal data: A Serbian example. Geographica Pannonica, 21(2), 106–114. https://doi.org/10.18421/GP21.02-04

Sugumaran, R., Larson, S. R., & DeGroote, J. P. (2009). Spatio-temporal cluster analysis of county-based human West Nile virus incidence in the continental United States. International Journal of Health Geographics, 8(1), 43–62. https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-072X-8-43

Wen, J. J., & Sinha, C. (2009). The spatial distribution of tourism in China: Trends and impacts. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 14(1), 93–104. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941660902756776

World Travel and Tourism Council. (2011). The Comparative Economic Impact of Travel & Tourism. Retrieved from: https://www.wttc.org//media/files/reports/benchmark%20reports/the_comparative_economic_impact_

of_travel__tourism.pdf

Xing-zhu, Y., & Qun, W. (2014). Exploratory Space–time Analysis of Inbound Tourism Flows to China Cities. International Journal of Tourism Research, 16(3), 303–312. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.1932

Yang, H., Ya Dong, X., Wang, M., & Guo, Y. (2013). GIS-Aided Evolvement Analysis of Spatial-Temporal Pattern of Regional Tourism Industry Environment. Advanced Materials Research, 726-731, 4690–4693. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.726-731.4690

Yang, Y., & Wong, K. K. (2012). A spatial econometric approach to model spillover effects in tourism flows. Journal of Travel Research, 51(6), 768–778. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287512437855

Yang, Y., & Wong, K. K. (2013). Spatial distribution of tourist flows to China’s cities. Tourism Geography, 15(2), 338–363. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2012.675511

Yüncü, D., Günay, S., & Kantar, Y. M. (2016). Spatial Relationship of Tourist Distribution in Turkey. In A. Saufi, I. R. Andilolo, N. Othman, & A. A. Lew [Eds.], Balancing Development and Sustainability in Tourism Destinations (pp. 353–366). Singapore, Singapore: Springer.

Zhang, Y., Xu, J., & Zhuang, P. (2011). The Spatial Relationship of Tourist Distribution in Chinese Cities. Tourism Geographies, 13(1), 75–90. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2010.529931

Downloads

Published

2019-08-20

How to Cite

Cimbaljević, M. ., Demirović, D. ., Vuksanović, N. ., Milentijević, N. ., & A. Yamashkin, A. . (2019). A GIS-BASED ANALYSIS OF TOURIST DISTRIBUTION IN MONTENEGRO. Journal of the Geographical Institute “Jovan Cvijić” SASA, 69(2), 147–156. https://doi.org/10.2298/IJGI1902147C

Most read articles by the same author(s)